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 List of flora with common name,local name and botanical name and description:  Wild date palm or Khajur Phoenix Sylvester's Leaves: Its leaves are stiff, feather like and spinouts. Flowers: They are numerous, cream and fragrant. Fruits: The fruit is orange in colour and much smaller than that of the true date. Uses: Palm sugar is made from the fruit . Mats are woven out of the leaves and baskets are made of the leaf stalks. Peepal Tree Ficus religiosa Leaves: The long stalked and heart shaped leaves terminate in a long tapering point. They are alternatively arranged. When well-pressed and dried the leaves can be painted on rather nicely. Goats, buffaloes and camels also feed on them. Bark: The bark is smooth and pale gray. Flowers: Borne inside the tender figs. Fruits: The figs arise in pairs in the angles of the lower leaves on the twigs of above the scar of the fallen leaves. Uses: It is worshipped and also has medicinal uses. Some beautiful Peepal trees are found in Ranthambore. Dhak, Chila or the flame of the forest  Butea Monosperma Leaves: The leaves are compound, with three large, feathery leaflets. Bark: The bark is brown in colour. It usually has a crooked trunk and twisted irregular branches. Flowers: From February to April the tree looks most sensational, with a riot of orange and vermilion red blossoms covering the entire crown and looking truly like a tree aflame. Uses: A yellow non permanent dye is made from the infusion of the flowers that is used as gulal during the festival of holi. The gum from the trunk, lacque, has medicinal properties, is used in tanning leather and more commonly for making quer bangles etc. The large leaflets are used for making round plates by stitching together the stems of the broomstick grass. This tree is sacred to Hindus. The three leaves are symbolic of the Trimurti the trinity of Brahma, Bishnu and Shiva. Large valleys in Ranthambore are clothed with this tree. Banyan Tree Ficus benghalensis  Leaves: The large leathery leaves are mostly elliptical in shape and a dark glossy green in colour, they are conspicuously pale- veined. Trunk: The trunk is never quit cylindrical because it is composed of several amalgamated aerial roots. From the spreading side branches hang clumps of brown aerial roots that eventually unite. On reaching the ground they take root and grow into separate pillars, supporting the crown. In very old trees, the original trunk slowly disintegrates, leaving behind the crown the Ranthambore National Park stands a majestic Banyan tree. You find many common langurs in and around this tree as a variety of birds. Flowers: Like the peepal tree, the banyan appears to bear no flowers, only fruits. Fruits: Figs of the banyan don't have stalks and grown in pairs in the leaf angle. The figs become bright red on ripening and are much sought by birds and bats, who cause seed dispersal . Monkeys are also fond of them. Uses: The Banyan is considered sacred by the Hindus, The tree is widely planted for shade and its leaves are use for fodder. Coarse fiber can be made out of the bark and the hanging roots. The leaves are stitched into plates. Ranthambore is famous for one of he largest Banyan trees in India at Jogi Mahal. Indian Jujube or Ber Zizyphus Mauritiana Leaves: The simple leaves are small, elliptical, a smooth green above and velvety whit of green below. Bark: The tree never attains mush height .Frequently it is only a strangling bush with zigzagging branches. Flowers: The flowers are tiny, greenish and have a thick disc filling their centers. Fruit : The fruit varies in shape and size. It is fleshy with a large bony stone in he center that contains the sees. Uses: The fruit is eaten of made into juice. The tree makes excellent fuel, as well as fodder for camels and goats. Its prickly branches are used for making fences. Many parts of the plant have medicinal uses. Large amounts of Ber trees are found in Ranthambore and their fruit is a favorite of sloth bears. Dhok Anogeissus pendula A small to large tree, often with drooping branches, carpets nearly all of Ranthambore. Leaves: They are alternate and broadly elliptic. Leave turn red before falling. The species may be distinguished at once by its small leaves. Flowers: they are found in dense clusters.  Karaya gum Tree Sterculia urens Leaves: the large leaves are crowded at the ends of the branches. Bark: it is whitish and peels off in thin flakes. Flowers: The flowers appear in loose clusters. Fruit: The fruit is woody and breaks up into five spreading valves that are densely soft, hairy and armed with stiff stinging bristles. Uses: The white gum exuding from the bark is used to make confectionery items as well as ice cream. The inner bark yields a strong fiber. You can spot this tree in Ranthambore as it stands light with its pinky gray trunk. Khair Tree Acaia catechu This is one of the most common trees in Ranthambore and is regarded across north India as a very valuable tree, since extracts from its bark are the mixture that make the paste katha for paans. The bark is frequently chewed by porcupines who seem to have an addiction to this tree in Ranthambore. Tendu of coromandelebony  Diospyros melanoxylon Leaves: The leaves are arranged in alternate manner. Their shape is oblong ovate or ovate elliptic. Bark: It has a grayish black bark, which peels off in scales. Uses: The leaves of this tree are much in demand for making bidis (hand rolled cigarettes), the timber is also valuable. Tendu trees are found in large numbers near Sultanpur-ki-kui and beyond. A favorite fruit of sloth bears. Khus grass Vetivaria zizznioides The roots of this grass yield an aromatic oil known as vetiveria oil , a large quantity of which is exported from India. The roots are woven into curtains , and when moistened they cool and scent the air at the same time. The edges of the lakes in Ranthambore are full of Khus grass. This is the grass that is used to make boxes and containers that are available in the old part of Sawai Madhopur town . |
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